Oracle / PLSQL: AFTER INSERT Trigger

This Oracle tutorial explains how to create an AFTER INSERT Trigger in Oracle with syntax and examples.

Description

An AFTER INSERT Trigger means that Oracle will fire this trigger after the INSERT operation is executed.

Syntax

The syntax to create an AFTER INSERT Trigger in Oracle/PLSQL is:

CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] TRIGGER trigger_name
AFTER INSERT
   ON table_name
   [ FOR EACH ROW ]

DECLARE
   -- variable declarations

BEGIN
   -- trigger code

EXCEPTION
   WHEN ...
   -- exception handling

END;

Parameters or Arguments

OR REPLACE

Optional. If specified, it allows you to re-create the trigger is it already exists so that you can change the trigger definition without issuing a DROP TRIGGER statement.

trigger_name

The name of the trigger to create.

AFTER INSERT

It indicates that the trigger will fire after the INSERT operation is executed.

table_name

The name of the table that the trigger is created on.

Restrictions

• You can not create an AFTER trigger on a view.
• You can not update the :NEW values.
• You can not update the :OLD values.

Note

• See also how to create AFTER DELETE, AFTER UPDATE, BEFORE DELETE, BEFORE INSERT, and BEFORE UPDATE triggers.
• See also how to drop a trigger.

Example

Let's look at an example of how to create an AFTER INSERT trigger using the CREATE TRIGGER statement.

If you had a table created as follows:

CREATE TABLE orders
( order_id number(5),
  quantity number(4),
  cost_per_item number(6,2),
  total_cost number(8,2)
);

We could then use the CREATE TRIGGER statement to create an AFTER INSERT trigger as follows:

TIP: When using SQLPlus, you need to enter slash on a new line after the trigger. Otherwise, the script won't execute.

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER orders_after_insert
AFTER INSERT
   ON orders
   FOR EACH ROW

DECLARE
   v_username varchar2(10);

BEGIN

   -- Find username of person performing the INSERT into the table
   SELECT user INTO v_username
   FROM dual;

   -- Insert record into audit table
   INSERT INTO orders_audit
   ( order_id,
     quantity,
     cost_per_item,
     total_cost,
     username )
   VALUES
   ( :new.order_id,
     :new.quantity,
     :new.cost_per_item,
     :new.total_cost,
     v_username );

END;

/